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| The genome sequence of the malaria mosquito Anopheles gambiae |
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| Author(s): Holt RA, Subramanian GM, Halpern A, Sutton GG, Charlab R, Nusskern DR, Wincker P, Clark AG, Ribeiro JMC, Wides R, Salzberg SL, Loftus B, Yandell M, Majoros WH, Rusch DB, Lai ZW, Kraft CL, Abril JF, Anthouard V, Arensburger P, Atkinson PW, Baden H, de Berardinis V, Baldwin D, Benes V, Biedler J, Blass C, Bolanos R, Boscus D, Barnstead M, Cai S, Center A, Chatuverdi K, Christophides GK, Chrystal MA, Clamp M, Cravchik A, Curwen V, Dana A, Delcher A, Dew I, Evans CA, Flanigan M, Grundschober-Freimoser A, Friedli L, Gu ZP, Guan P, Guigo R, Hillenmeyer ME, Hladun SL, Hogan JR, Hong YS, Hoover J, Jaillon O, Ke ZX, Kodira C, Kokoza E, Koutsos A, Letunic I, Levitsky A, Liang Y, Lin JJ, Lobo NF, Lopez JR, Malek JA, McIntosh TC, Meister S, Miller J, Mobarry C, Mongin E, Murphy SD, O'Brochta DA, Pfannkoch C, Qi R, Regier MA, Remington K, Shao HG, Sharakhova MV, Sitter CD, Shetty J, Smith TJ, Strong R, Sun JT, Thomasova D, Ton LQ, Topalis P, Tu ZJ, Unger MF, Walenz B, Wang AH, Wang J, Wang M, Wang XL, Woodford KJ, Wortman JR, Wu M, Yao A, Zdobnov EM, Zhang HY, Zhao Q, Zhao SY, Zhu SPC, Zhimulev I, Coluzzi M, della Torre A, Roth CW, Louis C, Kalush F, Mural RJ, Myers EW, Adams MD, Smith HO, Broder S, Gardner MJ, Fraser CM, Birney E, Bork P, Brey PT, Venter JC, Weissenbach J, Kafatos FC, Collins FH, Hoffman SL |
| Source: SCIENCE Volume: 298 Issue: 5591 Pages: 129-+ Published: OCT 4 2002 |
| Times Cited: 831 References: 52 |
| Abstract: Anopheles gambiae is the principal vector of malaria, a disease that afflicts more than 500 million people and causes more than 1 million deaths each year. Tenfold shotgun sequence coverage was obtained from the PEST strain of A. gambiae and assembled into scaffolds that span 278 million base pairs. A total of 91% of the genome was organized in 303 scaffolds; the largest scaffold was 23.1 million base pairs. There was substantial genetic variation within this strain, and the apparent existence of two haplotypes of approximately equal frequency ("dual haplotypes") in a substantial fraction of the genome likely reflects the outbred nature of the PEST strain. The sequence produced a conservative inference of more than 400,000 single-nucleotide polymorphisms that showed a markedly bimodal density distribution. Analysis of the genome sequence revealed strong evidence for about 14,000 protein-encoding transcripts. Prominent expansions in specific families of proteins likely involved in cell adhesion and immunity were noted. An expressed sequence tag analysis of genes regulated by blood feeding provided insights into the physiological adaptations of a hematophagous insect. |
| Document Type: Article |
| Language: English |
| Reprint Address: Holt, RA (reprint author), British Columbia Canc Agcy, Canadas Michael Smith Genome Sci Ctr, Room 3427,600 W 10th Ave, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4E6 Canada |
Addresses:
1. Celera Genom, Rockville, MD 20850 USA
2. Genoscope Ctr Natl Sequencage, F-91057 Evry 06, France
3. CNRS, UMR 8030, F-91057 Evry 06, France
4. Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
5. NIAID, Lab Malaria & Vector Res, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
6. Bar Ilan Univ, Fac Life Sci, Ramat Gan, Israel
7. Inst Genom Res TIGR, Rockville, MD 20850 USA
8. CRG, UPF, IMIM, Grp Recerca Informat Biomed, Barcelona, Catalonia Spain
9. Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Entomol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA
10. European Mol Biol Lab, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany
11. Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA
12. Univ Notre Dame, Ctr Trop Dis Res & Training, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA
13. Wellcome Trust Sanger Inst, Cambridge CB10 1SA, England
14. Univ Maryland, Inst Biotechnol, Agr Biotechnol Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA
15. Russian Acad Sci, Inst Cytol & Genet, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
16. Fdn Res & Technol Hellas, Inst Mol Biol & Biotechnol, GR-71110 Iraklion, Crete Greece
17. Univ Crete, Dept Biol, GR-71110 Iraklion, Crete Greece
18. European Bioinformat Inst, Cambridge CB10 1SD, England
19. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Sci Sanita Pubbl, Sez Parassitol, I-00185 Rome, Italy
20. Inst Pasteur, Unite Biochim & Biol Mol Insectes, F-75724 Paris 15, France |
| Publisher: AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE, 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA |
| Subject Category: Multidisciplinary Sciences |
| IDS Number: 600BJ |
| ISSN: 0036-8075 |
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