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| The mouse X chromosome is enriched for sex-biased genes not subject to selection by meiotic sex chromosome inactivation |
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| Author(s): Khil PP, Smirnova NA, Romanienko PJ, Camerini-Otero RD |
| Source: NATURE GENETICS Volume: 36 Issue: 6 Pages: 642-646 Published: JUN 2004 |
| Times Cited: 92 References: 30 |
| Abstract: Sex chromosomes are subject to sex-specific selective evolutionary forcest(1,2). One model predicts that genes with sex-biased expression should be enriched on the X chromosome(2-5). In agreement with Rice's hypothesis(3), spermatogonial genes are over-represented on the X chromosome of mice(6) and sex- and reproduction-related genes are over-represented on the human X chromosome(7,8). Male-biased genes are under-represented on the X chromosome in worms and flies(9-11), however. Here we show that mouse spermatogenesis genes are relatively underrepresented on the X chromosome and female-biased genes are enriched on it. We used Spo11(-/-) mice blocked in spermatogenesis early in meiosis(12) to evaluate the temporal pattern of gene expression in sperm development. Genes expressed before the Spo11 block are enriched on the X chromosome, whereas those expressed later in spermatogenesis are depleted. Inactivation of the X chromosome in male meiosis may be a universal driving force for X-chromosome demasculinization. |
| Document Type: Article |
| Language: English |
| Reprint Address: Camerini-Otero, RD (reprint author), NIDDK, Genet & Biochem Branch, NIH, 5 Mem Dr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA |
Addresses:
1. NIDDK, Genet & Biochem Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA |
| Publisher: NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP, 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 USA |
| Subject Category: Genetics & Heredity |
| IDS Number: 825MX |
| ISSN: 1061-4036 |
| DOI: 10.1038/ng1368 |
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