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| A module map showing conditional activity of expression modules in cancer |
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| Author(s): Segal E, Friedman N, Koller D, Regev A |
| Source: NATURE GENETICS Volume: 36 Issue: 10 Pages: 1090-1098 Published: OCT 2004 |
| Times Cited: 216 References: 30 |
| Abstract: DNA microarrays are widely used to study changes in gene expression in tumors, but such studies are typically system-specific and do not address the commonalities and variations between different types of tumor. Here we present an integrated analysis of 1,975 published microarrays spanning 22 tumor types. We describe expression profiles in different tumors in terms of the behavior of modules, sets of genes that act in concert to carry out a specific function. Using a simple unified analysis, we extract modules and characterize gene-expression profiles in tumors as a combination of activated and deactivated modules. Activation of some modules is specific to particular types of tumor; for example, a growth-inhibitory module is specifically repressed in acute lymphoblastic leukemias and may underlie the deregulated proliferation in these cancers. Other modules are shared across a diverse set of clinical conditions, suggestive of common tumor progression mechanisms. For example, the bone osteoblastic module spans a variety of tumor types and includes both secreted growth factors and their receptors. Our findings suggest that there is a single mechanism for both primary tumor proliferation and metastasis to bone. Our analysis presents multiple research directions for diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic studies. |
| Document Type: Article |
| Language: English |
| Reprint Address: Koller, D (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA |
Addresses:
1. Stanford Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
2. Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Sch Comp Sci & Engn, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel
3. Harvard Univ, Bauer Ctr Genom Res, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA |
| Publisher: NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP, 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 USA |
| Subject Category: Genetics & Heredity |
| IDS Number: 857YN |
| ISSN: 1061-4036 |
| DOI: 10.1038/ng1434 |
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