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| EVOLUTION OF INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH FACTOR-II - CHARACTERIZATION OF THE MOUSE IGF-II GENE AND IDENTIFICATION OF 2 PSEUDO-EXONS |
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| Author(s): ROTWEIN P, HALL LJ |
| Source: DNA AND CELL BIOLOGY Volume: 9 Issue: 10 Pages: 725-735 Published: DEC 1990 |
| Times Cited: 94 References: 50 |
| Abstract: We have cloned the mouse insulin-like growth factor II(IGF-II) gene as a series of overlapping cosmid and lambda recombinants and have characterized its six exons. The gene extends over approximately 12 kb of mouse chromosome 7 and is located 18 kb 3' to the insulin 2 gene and in the same transcriptional polarity. Exons 1-3 encode distinct 5' untranslated regions and are transcribed by three different promoters, P1, P2, and P3, into three IGF-II mRNAs sharing common coding and 3' untranslated sequences. Promoters P2 and P3 each contain a TATA box and appear to direct transcription from single initiation sites. By contrast, exon 1 has three major transcriptional start sites distributed over 556 nucleotides, and P1 lacks a TATA region and other typical transcriptional control sequences. Exons 4-6 code for the 180-amino-acid IGF-II precursor, and exon 6 also contains a 3,045-nucleotide 3' untranslated region which ends at a single polyadenylation site. In addition to six functional IGF-II exons, we identified two 5' "pseudo-exons," which appear to be evolutionarily retained remnants of an alternative promoter-exon cassette that is active in human IGF-II. Loss of the homolog of this promoter, which directs "adult-specific" expression of the IGF-II gene in some human tissues, may explain the disappearance of this growth factor from most murine tissues in the early post-natal period. |
| Document Type: Article |
| Language: English |
| Reprint Address: ROTWEIN, P (reprint author), WASHINGTON UNIV, SCH MED, DEPT MED, DIV BIOL & BIOMED SCI, BOX 8127, 660 S EUCLID AVE, ST LOUIS, MO 63110 USA |
Addresses:
1. WASHINGTON UNIV, SCH MED, DEPT GENET, ST LOUIS, MO 63110 USA |
| Publisher: MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL, 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 |
| Subject Category: Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity |
| IDS Number: ER453 |
| ISSN: 1044-5498 |
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