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| DIRECT REPEATS AS SELECTIVE RESPONSE ELEMENTS FOR THE THYROID-HORMONE, RETINOIC ACID, AND VITAMIN-D3 RECEPTORS |
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| Author(s): UMESONO K, MURAKAMI KK, THOMPSON CC, EVANS RM |
| Source: CELL Volume: 65 Issue: 7 Pages: 1255-1266 Published: JUN 28 1991 |
| Times Cited: 1,398 References: 72 |
| Abstract: We report here the identification of thyroid hormone response elements (TREs) that consist of a direct repeat, not a palindrome, of the half-sites. Unlike palindromic TREs, direct repeat TREs do not confer a retinoic acid response. The tandem TRE can be converted into a retinoic acid response element by increasing the spacing between the half-sites by 1 nucleotide, and the resulting retinoic acid response element is no longer a TRE. Decreasing the half-site spacing by 1 nucleotide converts the TRE to a vitamin D3 response element, while eliminating response to T3. These results correlate well with DNA-binding affinities of the thyroid hormone, retinoic acid, and vitamin D3 receptors. This study points to the general importance of tandem repeat hormone response elements and suggests a simple physiologic code exists in which half-site spacing plays a critical role in achieving selective hormonal response. |
| Document Type: Article |
| Language: English |
| Reprint Address: UMESONO, K (reprint author), SALK INST BIOL STUDIES, HOWARD HUGHES MED INST, GENE EXPRESS LAB, POB 85800, SAN DIEGO, CA 92186 USA |
| Publisher: CELL PRESS, 1050 MASSACHUSETTES AVE, CIRCULATION DEPT, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138 |
| Subject Category: Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology |
| IDS Number: FU899 |
| ISSN: 0092-8674 |
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