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| NATIVE-AMERICAN MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA ANALYSIS INDICATES THAT THE AMERIND AND THE NADENE POPULATIONS WERE FOUNDED BY 2 INDEPENDENT MIGRATIONS |
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| Author(s): TORRONI A, SCHURR TG, YANG CC, SZATHMARY EJE, WILLIAMS RC, SCHANFIELD MS, TROUP GA, KNOWLER WC, LAWRENCE DN, WEISS KM, WALLACE DC |
| Source: GENETICS Volume: 130 Issue: 1 Pages: 153-162 Published: JAN 1992 |
| Times Cited: 298 References: 66 |
| Abstract: Mitochondrial DNAs (mtDNAs) from 167 American Indians including 87 Amerind-speakers (Amerinds) and 80 Nadene-speakers (Nadene) were surveyed for sequence variation by detailed restriction analysis. All Native American mtDNAs clustered into one of four distinct lineages, defined by the restriction site variants: HincII site loss at np 13,259, AluI site loss at np 5,176, 9-base pair (9-bp) COII-tRNA(Lys) intergenic deletion and HaeII site grain at np 663. The HincII np 13,259 and AluI np 5,176 lineages were observed exclusively in Amerinds and were shared by all such tribal groups analyzed, thus demonstrating that North, Central and South American Amerinds originated from a common ancestral genetic stock. The 9-bp deletion and HaeIII np 663 lineages were found in both the Amerinds and Nadene but the Nadene HaeIII np 663 lineage had a unique sublineage defined by an RsaI site loss at np 16,329. The amount of sequence variation accumulated in the Amerind HincII np 13,259 and AluI np 5,176 lineages and that in the Amerind portion of the HaeIII np 663 lineage all gave divergence times in the order of 20,000 years before present. The divergence time for the Nadene portion of the HaeIII np 663 lineage was about 6,000-10,000 years. Hence, the ancestral Nadene migrated from Asia independently and considerably more recently than the progenitors of the Amerinds. The divergence times of both the Amerind and Nadene branches of the COII-tRNA(Lys) deletion lineage were intermediate between the Amerind and Nadene specific lineages, raising the possibility of a third source of mtDNA in American Indians. |
| Document Type: Article |
| Language: English |
| Reprint Address: TORRONI, A (reprint author), EMORY UNIV, SCH MED, CTR GENET & MOLEC MED, ATLANTA, GA 30322 USA |
Addresses:
1. EMORY UNIV, SCH MED, DEPT BIOCHEM, ATLANTA, GA 30322 USA
2. EMORY UNIV, SCH MED, DEPT ANTHROPOL, ATLANTA, GA 30322 USA
3. UNIV WESTERN ONTARIO, FAC SOCIAL SCI, OFF DEAN, LONDON N6A 5C2, ONTARIO CANADA
4. ARIZONA STATE UNIV, DEPT ANTHROPOL, TEMPE, AZ 85281 USA
5. ANALYT CENET TESTING CTR INC, DENVER, CO 80231 USA
6. UNIV NEW MEXICO, DEPT PATHOL, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87131 USA
7. NIDDK, DIABET & ARTHRISTIS EPIDEMIOL SECT, PHOENIX, AZ 85014 USA
8. CTR DIS CONTROL, CTR INFECT DIS, DIV HOST FACTORS, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA
9. PENN STATE UNIV, DEPT ANTHROPOL, UNIV PK, PA 16802 USA
10. PENN STATE UNIV, GRAD PROGRAM GENET, UNIV PK, PA 16802 USA |
| Publisher: GENETICS, 428 EAST PRESTON ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21202 |
| Subject Category: Genetics & Heredity |
| IDS Number: GX543 |
| ISSN: 0016-6731 |
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