| RETINOID X-RECEPTOR IS AN AUXILIARY PROTEIN FOR THYROID-HORMONE AND RETINOIC ACID RECEPTORS |
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| Author(s): ZHANG XK, HOFFMANN B, TRAN PBV, GRAUPNER G, PFAHL M |
| Source: NATURE Volume: 355 Issue: 6359 Pages: 441-446 Published: JAN 30 1992 |
| Times Cited: 886 References: 29 |
| Abstract: THYROID hormones and retinoic acid function through nuclear receptors that belong to the steroid/thyroid-hormone receptor superfamily (reviewed in refs 1-4). Thyroid hormone receptors (TRs) and retinoic acid receptors (RARs) require auxiliary nuclear proteins for efficient DNA binding 5-10. Here we report that retinoid X receptors RXR-alpha (ref. 11) is one of these nuclear proteins. RXR-alpha interacts both with TRs and with RARs, forming heterodimers in solution that strongly interact with a variety of T3/retinoic acid response elements. Transfection experiments show that RXR-alpha can greatly enhance the transcriptional activity of TR and RAR at low retinoic acid concentrations that do not significantly activate RXR-alpha itself. Thus, RXR-alpha enhances the transcriptional activity of other receptors and its own ligand sensitivity by heterodimer formation. Our studies reveal a new subclass of receptors and a regulatory pathway controlling nuclear receptor activities by heterodimer formation. |
| Document Type: Article |
| Language: English |
Addresses:
1. LA JOLLA CANC RES FDN, CTR CANC, LA JOLLA, CA 92037 USA |
| Publisher: MACMILLAN MAGAZINES LTD, PORTERS SOUTH, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON, ENGLAND N1 9XW |
| Subject Category: Multidisciplinary Sciences |
| IDS Number: HB530 |
| ISSN: 0028-0836 |