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| NEUROCHEMICAL AND HISTOLOGIC CHARACTERIZATION OF STRIATAL EXCITOTOXIC LESIONS PRODUCED BY THE MITOCHONDRIAL TOXIN 3-NITROPROPIONIC ACID |
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| Author(s): BEAL MF, BROUILLET E, JENKINS BG, FERRANTE RJ, KOWALL NW, MILLER JM, STOREY E, SRIVASTAVA R, ROSEN BR, HYMAN BT |
| Source: JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE Volume: 13 Issue: 10 Pages: 4181-4192 Published: OCT 1993 |
| Times Cited: 542 References: 46 |
| Abstract: An impairment of energy metabolism may underlie slow excitotoxic neuronal death in neurodegenerative diseases. We therefore examined the effects of intrastriatal, subacute systemic, or chronic systemic administration of the mitochondrial toxin 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NP) in rats. Following intrastriatal injection 3-NP produced dose-dependent striatal lesions. Neurochemical and histologic evaluation showed that markers of both spiny projection neurons (GABA, substance P, calbindin) and aspiny interneurons (somatostatin, neuropeptide Y, NADPH-diaphorase) were equally affected. Subacute systemic administration of 3-NP produced age-dependent bilateral striatal lesions with a similar neurochemical profile. However, in contrast to the intrastriatal injections, striatal dopaminergic afferent projections were spared. Both freeze-clamp measurements and chemical shift magnetic resonance spectroscopy showed that 3-NP impairs energy metabolism in the striatum in vivo. Microdialysis showed no increase in extracellular glutamate concentrations after systemic administration of 3-NP. The lesions produced by intrastriatal injection or systemic administration of 3-NP were blocked by prior decortication. However, the NMDA antagonist MK-801 did not block the effects of intrastriatal 3-NP, consistent with a non-NMDA excitotoxic mechanism. In contrast to subacute systemic administration of 3-NP, chronic (1 month) administration produced lesions confined to the striatum in which there was relative sparing of NADPH-diaphorase interneurons, consistent with an NMDA excitotoxic process. Chronic administration showed growth-related proliferative changes in dendrites of spiny neurons similar to changes in Huntington's disease (HD). These results are consistent with in vitro studies showing that mild metabolic compromise can selectively activate NMDA receptors while more severe compromise activates both NMDA and non-NMDA receptors. Chronic administration of 3-NP over 1 month produces selective striatal lesions that replicate many of the characteristic histologic and neurochemical features of HD. |
| Document Type: Article |
| Language: English |
| Reprint Address: BEAL, MF (reprint author), MASSACHUSETTS GEN HOSP, NEUROCHEM LAB, WARREN 408, BOSTON, MA 02114 USA |
Addresses:
1. MASSACHUSETTS GEN HOSP, NEUROL SERV, BOSTON, MA 02114 USA
2. MASSACHUSETTS GEN HOSP, CTR NMR, BOSTON, MA 02114 USA
3. MASSACHUSETTS GEN HOSP, DEPT RADIOL, BOSTON, MA 02114 USA
4. MASSACHUSETTS GEN HOSP, DEPT PATHOL, BOSTON, MA 02114 USA
5. HARVARD UNIV, SCH MED, BOSTON, MA 02115 USA |
| Publisher: SOC NEUROSCIENCE, 11 DUPONT CIRCLE, NW, STE 500, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 |
| Subject Category: Neurosciences |
| IDS Number: MB164 |
| ISSN: 0270-6474 |
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